過去四十年來對於創傷後壓力反應的研究顯示，當兒童受到創傷時，其經驗無法在語言層面上組織起來。由於這些經驗是在學會語言前，以非語言記憶的方式來處理和儲存，常以行為重現、身體感覺、惡夢和遊戲等形式表現出來。因此，透過藝術和遊戲治療，以適當的非語言介入方式來與兒童工作會比傳統的口語治療更有效。

本次演講將專注於創傷治療的複雜性，且特別關注在兒童受虐議題。兒童的藝術創作將用來說明虐待對兒童的影響，指出口語表達不如非語言表達重要的原因，以及藝術如何記錄兒童的應對機制和治療進展的變化。當治療師願意尊重非語言表達的重要性，並放手讓兒童主導工作時，治療的神奇時刻就會開始展現。

本場演講將協助參與者：
*條列出 10 個影響兒童談論「受虐議題」能力的因素。
*識別 3 個對受虐兒童進行藝術治療時可適用的長期和短期心理議題。
*有能力辨別以藝術治療為主要工作方式，並與嚴重創傷兒童的治療計畫會是什麼樣子。

美國南伊利諾州大學，藝術與設計學系，藝術治療諮商學程的退休教授。
她是「與創傷兒童的表達性治療（2017年二刷）」一書的作者，也曾參與多本書籍、期刊文章的撰寫。她的學術研究與臨床工作聚焦於兒童、青少年、家庭的藝術治療。Klorer博士曾獲得美國藝術治療學會的臨床醫師獎（2001）與終生成就獎（2013）。目前她已從私人執業退休，專職為複合媒材藝術家，有時也參與志工服務。

Research on post-traumatic stress responses over the past 40 years suggests that when children are exposed to trauma, the experience cannot be organized with words. For young children, such experiences are processed and stored as preverbal or nonverbal memories. Expression takes the form of behavioral reenactments, somatic sensations, nightmares, and play. Consequently, meeting the child with an appropriate non-verbal intervention, through art and play therapy, will be more effective than traditional verbal therapy. 

This presentation will focus on the complexities of trauma treatment, with a focus on child abuse. Slides of artwork created by abused children will be used to illustrate how children are affected by abuse and how processing with words is not as important as non-verbal expression. Magical moments occur in therapy when we respect the importance of non-verbal expression and let the child lead the work.

Objectives:
Attendees will be able to list 10 factors that affect a child’s ability to talk about child abuse.
Attendees will be able to identify 3 long and short-term psychological issues that can be
addressed in art therapy with abused children.
Attendees will be able to articulate a treatment plan describing art therapy as the primary intervention for children who have experienced severe trauma.

Gussie Klorer is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Art and Design, Art Therapy Counseling program, at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville. She is author of Expressive Therapy with Traumatized Children, 2nd Edition (2017) and numerous journal articles and book chapters. Her academic research and clinical work focuses on art therapy with children, adolescents and families. Dr. Klorer is a 2001 recipient of the Clinician's Award from the American Art Therapy Association and was awarded an Honorary Lifetime Membership of the association in 2013. She is now retired from her private practice in art therapy, does volunteer work, and is a practicing artist, working in mixed media. 

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